Recent Study: Electrolyte Disorders Common in Thiazide Diuretic Users
- Hyponatremia and hypokalemia occur in approximately 20% of patients who take thiazide diuretics.
Thiazide diuretics are widely used in the treatment of hypertension, yet their use is associated with electrolyte disorders. Researchers investigated the prevalence of and risk factors for hyponatremia and hypokalemia in patients taking thiazide diuretics, substance-specific risks for these electrolyte disorders, and whether the use of thiazides is associated with a higher risk of syncope and falls.
The cross-sectional analysis by Ravioli and colleagues published in the American Journal of Medicine included all adults admitted to the ED in a one-year period whose sodium and potassium levels were measured on admission. The researchers conducted detailed chart reviews for all patients and screened for a history of syncope or falls.
Of the 20,421 patients for whom sodium and potassium measurements were available, 1,604 were taking thiazide diuretics regularly.
Acute kidney injury was more common in thiazide users than in nonusers (21.4% versus 7.2%). Hyponatremia and hypokalemia were also significantly more common in patients taking thiazides versus nonusers (22.1% versus 9.8% and 19% versus 11%, respectively).



