Dengue Cases Are Rising: Why Every Nurse Should Be Paying Attention
A patient presents to the emergency department with fever, headache, nausea, and severe muscle pain after returning from a Caribbean cruise. A few years ago, dengue fever may not have been high on a nurse’s list of possible diagnoses. Today, it should be.
Cryoelectron microscopy renderings of mature dengue virions (DENV-1) and photo of an Aedes mosquito. (NIAID)
Dengue is the leading cause of febrile illness among travelers returning to the United States from endemic regions. According to the World Health Organization, about half of the world’s population is at risk for dengue, with an estimated 100 to 400 million infections occurring annually, although many cases likely go unreported because symptoms are mild or absent.
In a recent MMWR, 3,798 dengue cases were reported in the United States in 2024 representing a 359% increase compared to the annual average reported between 2010 and 2023. Nearly 97% of reported infections occurred in travelers, with many cases linked to destinations in the Caribbean, including Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. However, locally acquired cases were also identified in Florida, California, and Texas.
Cause and Challenges
Dengue, sometimes called “breakbone fever,” is caused by one of four […]



