Recent Decline in U.S. Opioid Prescriptions: Good News But Some Concerns

by frankieleon/ via flickr by frankieleon/ via flickr

It was widely reported in the past week that there have been steady declines in the number of opioid prescriptions in the U.S. for the past three years, with the declines the steepest in some of the states considered to have the worst opioid misuse crises.

This is good news, suggesting that efforts to address some problem areas like renegade pain clinics prescribing for profit, patients who go from doctor to doctor seeking opioid prescriptions, and the diversion of legitimate opioid prescriptions may be starting to bear fruit.

A balanced overview of the situation can be found in this New York Times article. The authors also acknowledge that patients in pain are now facing new hurdles to pain relief, quoting the director of one prominent medical school’s program on pain research education and policy: “The climate has definitely shifted. . . . It is now one of reluctance, fear of consequences and encumbrance with administrative hurdles. A lot of patients who are appropriate candidates for opioids have been caught up in that response.”

Much of the reporting on the opioid epidemic lumps all people who take opioids into one big statistical brew. While startling and alarming numbers about overdoses from legal and illegal opioids steal the headlines, little media and scholarly analysis focuses on the […]

2016-11-21T13:01:12-05:00May 26th, 2016|health care policy, Nursing, nursing perspective, pain management, patient experience, patient safety, Patients|1 Comment
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Earth Day 2016: A Call for Less Toxic Homes, Safer Health Care Facilities

By Barbara Polivka, PhD, RN, professor and Shirley B. Powers Endowed Chair of Nursing Research, University of Louisville, Kentucky

EarthNASAAs we celebrate the 46th Earth Day, it’s good to look back.

  • Earth Day was founded by U.S. senator Gaylord Nelson and started as a national environmental teach-in on April 22, 1970. An estimated 20 million Americans gathered that day at sites across the nation.
  • An important result of the enormous public response to the first Earth Day celebration was the subsequent creation of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Clean Air Act.
  • Earth Day became an international celebration in 1971 when the UN Secretary General talked about it at a Peace Bell Ceremony in New York City.

Earth Day is a time to think about how we affect the environment and how we are affected by the environment.

Health Care Without Harm is an international organization promoting environmental health and justice. If you aren’t familiar with Health Care Without Harm I urge you to go to their web site to see how health care organizations are decreasing their environmental impact. Health care facilities are taking the following steps:

2016-11-21T13:01:17-05:00April 22nd, 2016|Ethics, Nursing|0 Comments
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CDC Opioid-Prescribing Guideline for Chronic Pain: Concerns and Contexts

by frankieleon/ via flickr by frankieleon/ via flickr

By Jacob Molyneux, senior editor

The CDC’s new Guideline for Prescribing Opioids for Chronic Pain was released this week. The context for this comprehensive new guideline is widespread concern about opioid-related overdose deaths and substance abuse in the U.S.

The guidelines make 12 main recommendations, among them the following:

  • nonpharmacologic or nonopioid pharmacologic treatments should be considered “preferable” first-line therapy for those with chronic pain.
  • a daily opioid dosage limit of morphine milligram equivalents should be imposed.
  • immediate-release opioids should be prescribed before moving to extended-release formulations.
  • urine testing should precede new opioid prescriptions for chronic pain and treatment goals should be set.
  • clinicians should prescribe the lowest possible number of days’ worth of medication for acute pain (often three days or less).
  • prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) databases should be consulted to determine patients’ past histories of opioid prescriptions.

Some of the recommendations would seem to be no-brainers, such as consulting PDMPs when writing new prescriptions. Others, such as a “one-size-fits-all” daily dosage limit and restrictions on the use of extended release formulations, have raised alarms among pain management experts. See, for example, “I’m Worried About People in Pain,” a recent AJN Viewpoint essay by Carol Curtiss, a nurse and pain management expert, who notes the increased stigmatization experienced by pain patients and the chilling effects of […]

2016-11-21T13:01:23-05:00March 17th, 2016|Ethics, Nursing, nursing perspective, pain management, patient engagement|4 Comments
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Hospital Shootings: Unacknowledged Job Hazard?

Julianna Paradisi, RN, OCN, is an oncology nurse navigator and writes a monthly post for this blog. Illustration by the author.

Active_shooter_post_illustrationRecently, while preparing for work, I received the following text from a coworker already at the hospital:

We’re on lockdown
Armed gunman
Stay home, they announced “active shooter now outside building”

Shocked, barely able to comprehend the message, I texted back:

WTF?
Are you safe?

She texted back that she and others were in lockdown in the cafeteria. Numbly, I switched on the TV, looking for more information, but found nothing. Not a single report of the event on any station. Turning to the Internet, I found a single tweet referring to an event in progress. Feeling helpless, I texted my husband and daughter and then called my mom, letting them know I was at home, safe, just in case they heard something. Then I waited.

Within an hour, the same coworker texted again:

All clear!

I stared at my phone, not knowing what to do. I went to work.

The resolution of the shooting situation was heartbreaking. However, no patients or hospital staff were harmed. The outcome could have been much worse.

That evening, local media coverage of the crisis remained scant to the point I nearly felt I’d imagined it. It was as though it never happened.

We were lucky. Our shooting occurred outside, on the hospital grounds—as do 41% of hospital shootings, […]

2016-11-21T13:01:30-05:00February 3rd, 2016|career, Ethics, Nursing, nursing perspective|1 Comment
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Ethical Practice with Patients in Pain

Photo @ AJ Photo / Hop Americain / Science Photo Library Photo @ AJ Photo / Hop Americain / Science Photo Library

Pain is difficult to define and hard to convey. The way both patients and clinicians respond to it can be influenced by a multitude of possible biases. This month’s Ethical Issues column in AJN is by Doug Olsen, PhD, RN, an associate professor at Michigan State University College of Nursing. In “Ethical Practice with Patients in Pain,” Olsen summarizes the challenge nurses and other clinicians face in treating patients’ pain:

Responding to a patient’s pain is a fundamental ethical obligation in nursing. However, nurses caring for patients in pain can run into ethical conflicts from both over- and undertreatment of pain. Undertreatment of pain represents a failure to fulfill the core nursing obligation to alleviate suffering—but overtreatment may ultimately harm the patient, contradicting a core nursing value, nonmaleficence. The complex nature of pain complicates efforts to provide treatment that is ‘just right.’ Nurses must understand that complexity if they are to make ethical decisions in the care of patients who experience pain.

[…]

2016-11-21T13:01:32-05:00January 20th, 2016|Ethics, Nursing, nursing perspective, pain management, patient experience|1 Comment
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Views expressed on the blog are solely those of the authors or persons quoted. They do not necessarily reflect AJN’s views or those of Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
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