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Respiratory Illness Surge: Differentiating and Treating RSV, COVID, and Flu in Children

Concern about a respiratory ‘triple-demic.’

Electron micrograph image of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)/Image source: CDC

Take a walk through many of the country’s pediatric emergency departments (EDs) and inpatient units right now and you will be greeted with the sounds of pinging monitors, suction, and coughing as “respiratory season” settles in.

This will be the first fall and winter that many young children have been back at schools and day cares, largely unmasked, in nearly three years. While respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and influenza are yearly problems in pediatrics, an unseasonably early and severe surge in RSV is causing an unprecedented number of hospital admissions that is already straining many health systems.

Public health officials are already warning of a “triple-demic” this year as the current RSV surge coalesces with expected rises in influenza and COVID cases. This, of course, does not include the dozens of other respiratory viruses that affect children each winter, including the atypically severe cases of rhinoviruses/enteroviruses and parainfluenza that have already been reported this year.

RSV, influenza, COVID have subtly different symptoms.

While RSV, COVID, and influenza are all viral infections that cause acute respiratory symptoms, they can present with subtly different symptoms. […]

2022-11-07T11:09:33-05:00November 7th, 2022|infectious diseases, Nursing, pediatrics, Public health|0 Comments
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Improving the Discovery and Care of Pressure Injuries in the Emergency Department

Jonathan Nover, MBA, RN

The problem.

Hospital-acquired conditions, particularly pressure injuries (PIs), increased at alarming rates during the COVID-19 pandemic. Hospital isolation precautions and infection prevention practices limited clinician time at the bedside. How does a nurse regularly turn and position a patient if they are unable to enter the room as often as they did prior to the pandemic? In addition, hospitals often operated with high percentages of their workforce out sick.

While Covid may be less of a threat by now, the number of patients admitted to EDs continues to increase while nurse staffing shortages intensify the pressure on nurses to maintain patient safety standards. With patient boarding in EDs becoming more common, the risk of hospital-acquired PIs grows as well, even in the ED. Traditional ED care focuses on rapid screening, assessment, and stabilization, followed by discharge or admission. But the reality is that medical–surgical inpatient care has become more necessary in the ED.

A central element of nursing care is the identification of PIs upon entry to the hospital, PI prevention, and care of existing PIs. Patients who are boarded in the ED, particularly older patient populations with underlying diseases and long length of stays, are at especially high risk for pressure ulcers […]

2022-10-27T11:03:41-04:00October 27th, 2022|Nursing, patient safety|0 Comments
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Getting Nurses with Substance Use Disorders the Help They Need

“Nurses have distinctive risk factors associated with the work environment that may increase the probability of developing an SUD.”

In my previous roles as the director of the emergency department and pediatric intensive care unit, I worked with nurses who were enrolled in the Intervention Project for Nurses (IPN), which is a substance use disorder (SUD) assistance program.

My colleagues would often ask me why I’d hire anyone who was enrolled in this program. My response was that these are the ones who are getting help and trying to recover. I feel safe with these nurses because I know they are being monitored and receiving treatment—it’s the other nurses that I worry about. […]

2022-10-12T09:33:38-04:00October 12th, 2022|career, Ethics, Nursing, patient safety|0 Comments
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Sickle Cell Disease in Children and Adolescents: Aligning Practice with Guidelines

CDC report points to areas for improvement.

The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on September 20, 2022, highlights an important opportunity for nurses to provide evidence-based care to children with sickle cell disease (SCD). The report highlights poor compliance with guidelines recommending that children ages 2 to 16 with sickle cell anemia (SCA)—the most common and often most clinically severe form of the disease—should receive transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound screening and that hydroxyurea (HU) should be offered for all children with SCA ages 9 months and older.

In the past, children with SCD usually did not survive past age 20 because of infections/sepsis and stroke. Children with SCD now can live much longer, into their 40s, 50s, and 60s, as a result of the use of penicillin to prevent sepsis and screening for children at high risk for stroke. According to current guidelines for children and adolescents with SCA, when children are screened for stroke by TCD, those at high risk can be identified and referred for monthly transfusions, a practice that has been found to prevent stroke. In addition, there is much evidence supporting the use of HU, including prevention of severe pain episodes, acute chest syndrome, and hospitalization.

2022-09-29T10:59:11-04:00September 29th, 2022|Nursing|0 Comments
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Views expressed on the blog are solely those of the authors or persons quoted. They do not necessarily reflect AJN’s views or those of Wolters Kluwer Health/Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.
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