Emergency in the ED: Treating Hemorrhagic Shock

Emergency nursing isn’t all drama and adrenaline.

As any ED nurse knows, most of what a nurse sees in the ED is not what would classify as real emergencies—the kind of exciting, life-threatening situations that might have actually been the reason they chose emergency nursing. That’s how it was for me, and getting hired as a new grad to work at New York City’s Bellevue Hospital, one of the country’s premier emergency services, was a dream come true.

However, I quickly learned that most of the people who came through our doors did not have exciting, life-threatening emergencies but rather the more humdrum “urgencies” of life—gastroenteritis, a sudden high fever, a small laceration that needed a few sutures, sprains, and minor fractures. Minor, comparatively speaking, but certainly not minor to the patient, and all requiring attentive care. (For a vivid and poignant inside view of emergency nursing today, see the photo essay in the September issue; the essay is based on Carolyn Jones’s new film, In Case of Emergency, to be released this week for Emergency Nurses Week.)

When the ED doors slam open.

But then there were those sudden life-or-death emergencies that raised everyone’s adrenaline levels—a patient bleeding out was one of the more dramatic scenes. They usually arrived […]

We’re Not Going to Lie to You

By D’Arcy Norman, via Flickr

By Marcy Phipps, RN, whose essay, “The Soul on the Head of a Pin,” was published in the May 2010 issue of AJN.

“Hgb 4.1,” the lab tech said, and we jumped as though someone had fired a starter pistol. While one nurse called the on-call trauma doctor, the rest of us mobilized in preparation for the interventions we anticipated.

The “critical results” call wasn’t a surprise. The teenager’s pelvis had been crushed when he was run over by a delivery truck. His blood pressure was holding fairly steady, but we didn’t put much faith in that. In cases of hemorrhagic shock, young patients tend to compensate until the very last second, and we knew that.

His heart rate was soaring and his color was terrible. In the 15 minutes since he’d been wheeled into the unit, flat and flaccid on a stretcher, he’d gone from barely arousable to completely nonresponsive. Aside from his shallow, even respirations, he looked strikingly dead.

A good nursing team functions like a choreographed troupe, and we were at our best that day, moving with staccato precision. Massive transfusions can do wonders; still, it was amazing how quickly he improved. He lost the gray-white pallor and his heart rate stabilized. Then his lashes fluttered and he opened his eyes.

He regarded us working over him for several minutes. The air of urgency remained, and the gravity of his condition was no secret.

“This is bad, isn’t it?” he asked.

And it wasn’t a time for platitudes.

“We’re […]

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