Preventable and Aggressive Care for Cancer Patients: To the Bitter End

There have been a couple of recent studies that confirm what I have observed as a palliative care nurse practitioner (NP) in an academic medical center: that there’s still a tendency to pursue very aggressive care with older people with cancer. While every situation is different, the evidence shows that people with cancer could also benefit from palliative care and advance care planning to make sure they’re getting the best and right care for them.

Palliative care could prevent many ED visits.

The first study to catch my eye as a former ED nurse was Trends and Characteristics of Potentially Preventable Emergency Department (ED) Visits Among Patients With Cancer in the US. This study reviewed data on almost a billion (854,911,106) ED visits, of which 4.2% were made by patients with cancer. The mean age of those patients, not surprisingly, was 66. The study found that more than half of ED visits among patients with cancer, 51.6%, were identified as potentially preventable, with the absolute number of potentially preventable ED visits increasing substantially between 2012 and 2019.

The authors concluded that this highlights “the need for cancer care programs to implement evidence-based interventions to better manage cancer treatment complications, such as uncontrolled pain, in outpatient and ambulatory […]

Accepting Patients’ End-of-Life Decisions Can Be Hard

“The most important decision an individual can make may be how much treatment they want at the end of life.”

photo from pxhere

When it comes to end-of-life decisions, it may be hard for a nurse to accept to support only what the patient wants, but it’s also vitally important. In the Viewpoint column in our June issue (Viewpoints are free to read), Nadine Donahue, PhD, RN-BC, CNE, describes caring for an elderly patient in his home as he begins to lose the ability to breathe on his own because of COVID-19.

When she implores the normally spry, physically active retired executive to let her call an ambulance to take him to the ED, he refuses. Writes Donahue, an associate professor of nursing at York College, City University of New York:

“He’d always told me that he believed in a time to be born, a time to live, and a time to die. He was not going to be attached to a ventilator and in a hospital if he could help it.”

[…]

Defining Death

My first encounter with brain death was back in the early 1970s. I was a new RN in a shock-trauma unit. We admitted a 17-year-old young woman who had attempted suicide by jumping out of a fifth-floor window. If it wasn’t awful enough, I remember it was Thanksgiving weekend and she had been home from college.

Angiograms of normal blood flow in an active brain (at left) and lack of blood flow indicating
brain death. Photos © Fusionspark Media Inc.

As one might imagine, she sustained massive injuries, including severe head trauma. She had been intubated at the scene and was on a mechanical ventilator. Her pupils were fixed and dilated, and she had no spontaneous respirations and virtually no brain activity, according to electroencephalography (EEG) studies.

A gradual refinement of criteria.

I recall that there had to be three consecutive EEGs done before we could remove the ventilator. There was no ethics committee or formal meetings with hospital attorneys or administrators—just the physician, the family, and the pastor. And then the patient’s siblings and grandparents came to say goodbye. It was heart-wrenching.

Things have gotten more defined […]

Birdcages: An Oncology Nurse on Crucial Information Patients Need About Dying

Julianna Paradisi, who blogs at JParadisi RN and elsewhere, works as an infusion nurse in outpatient oncology. Her art has appeared several times in AJN, and her essay, “The Wisdom of Nursery Rhymes,” was published in the February 2011 issue.

I grew up in a family in which occasional conversations about death occurred at the dinner table. My father openly discussed his own. As a child, this terrified me, but he would say, “It’s a terrible subject, but everyone dies someday.”

by Julianna Paradisi by Julianna Paradisi

I don’t remember how old I was when my father made me promise he’d be cremated and his ashes spread over the ocean upon his death. It feels like I always knew, and this knowledge comforted me when, a few years ago, my siblings and I spread his ashes from a boat over the Pacific Ocean where he used to fish.

Paradoxically, in other contexts my father struggled when it came to telling me about death. Starting when I was around three years old, in the springtime, he would sometimes bring home baby birds that fallen from their nests. He kept an old birdcage for this purpose. He let me name the birds, and I called each of them Jimmy. He taught me to mix small pieces of bread with watered-down milk, and then feed it bit by bit into their disproportionately large mouths with an eyedropper.

This ritual usually lasted two days. On the third morning, […]

2018-03-28T10:34:25-04:00April 10th, 2013|nursing perspective|6 Comments

The Hardest Decision: A Military Husband Returns to Tragedy at Home

FebruaryReflectionsIllustrationOur February Reflections essay, “The Hardest Decision,” is by a Amanda Richmond, a nurse based in Arkansas. It’s about a husband facing a drastically changed world upon return from deployment overseas—and a nurse who bears witness. Here’s the opening paragragh. Reflections essays can always be read without a subscription to AJN.—JM, senior editor

That she was still beautiful made her situation all the more tragic. She had little visible damage. An EVD tube snaked out from under her hair and deposited its contents into a drip chamber. Her chest rose and fell at a preselected rate of 14 breaths per minute. iv lines disappeared under her gown and terminated into a central line. On the monitor, her vital signs were flawless.

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