Nurses Know Safety Can’t Depend on Assumptions
In health care, we are trained not to rely on assumptions. We build systems that anticipate risk, standardize response, and make the next step clear before it is needed. When something goes wrong, we do not improvise. We follow a plan that already exists.
This is why it is so striking to encounter environments where safety depends almost entirely on assumption.
The tragic example of AED accessibility.
I began thinking about this outside of health care. I came to this through someone I know, John Ellsessar, whose life has been shaped by loss. His son, Michael, died at 16 after suffering sudden cardiac arrest on a high school football field where an AED was not immediately accessible.
That experience changed what he did next. It also changed how I think about a question that often goes unasked: What is the plan when something goes wrong?
Consider sudden cardiac arrest. It is one of the few situations in medicine where the response is both straightforward and time-dependent.
When John explained it to me, he put it simply: A heart attack is a plumbing problem, a blocked artery.
Sudden cardiac arrest is an electrical problem. The heart’s rhythm […]



