Archive for the ‘nursing perspective’ Category

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Military Medicine Has a Head Nurse – Notes from Our Interview

February 24, 2012

By Maureen ‘Shawn’ Kennedy, MA, RN, AJN editor-in-chief

“Hi, this is General Patty Horoho,” and so began a phone interview with army nurse Lieutenant General Patricia Horoho, who was sworn in as the 43rd Army Surgeon General in December.

Horoho made history, becoming the first woman and the first nonphysician to assume command of the U.S. Army Medical Command, a $13 billion global health system. She had also been the first nurse to command Walter Reed Army Medical Center, taking over after a report  in the Washington Post revealed a host of deficiencies in care, housing, and processes at that facility, leading to the firing of the commanding officer, Maj. General George Weightman.

She was recommended for her new position by the prior Army Surgeon General, Eric Schoomaker, and it then went up the chain to the secretary of the army and the secretary of the defense, who then recommended her appointment to President Barack Obama.

We (there were representatives from four nursing publications on the call) spent over an hour peppering General Horoho with questions about her experience, objectives, strategic plans, and major challenges. Here’s a few of the highlights:

  • Regarding her experience at Walter Reed, she said she learned the importance of transparency in critically evaluating operations, of having policies, funding and “capability” to deliver. She also was candid, saying that following “the Vietnam era, we lost sight of the importance of rehabilitative nursing and health care,” and noting that this would be a significant area of emphasis for her.
  • Two special areas of focus for her, she said, will be behavioral health, especially as it relates to the sequelae of traumatic brain injuries, and moving the army from a health care system of delivery of services to a system of health that encompasses health promotion in all areas. “We need to move away from a ‘bricks and mortar’ system and out into the community,” she said.
  • Continuity of care and practice guidelines across the nine major medical centers is another area that she will prioritize.
  • Acknowledging that over 2,200 sexual assaults occurred last year, Horoho says this will be a focus of the women’s health task force. She sees the issue as needing a “gender neutral” approach, both for prevention and to provide a “command tone” and environment where women or men who’ve been sexually harassed or assaulted feel comfortable in coming forward.

Horoho’s had a long journey to get to her current position. You can read her bio here.

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Examining Our Biases About Mental Illness

February 24, 2012

“There’s nothing really wrong with him, it’s just anxiety.” How many times have you heard someone say this—or said it yourself? Mental health problems are among the most marginalized health conditions in the United States. They’re viewed as less “real” than physical illnesses; there’s no tumor to be palpated, no abnormality to be spotted on an X-ray. Emotional and psychological problems are often thought to be under a person’s control in a way that, say, multiple sclerosis or cancer is not. And because mental health problems can be construed as signs of weakness, sufferers may hide their symptoms. People who suffer from a mental illness need to feel comfortable seeking care and to trust that they’ll be treated with skill, compassion, and respect. This is vital: studies consistently find that mental illnesses, particularly depression, take a terrible toll on health. Such illnesses have been associated with an increased risk of stroke, coronary artery disease, and dementia, as well as increased mortality in people with cancer, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease and following a myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass surgery.

That’s from “Examining our Biases About Mental Illness,” the Editorial in the February issue of AJN by clinical managing editor Karen Roush, MS, RN, FNP-C. What biases and assumptions about the mentally ill, the depressed, the anxious have you seen in your practice? Do you ever find yourself slipping into such biases yourself as a kind of default setting?

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On Cats Sucking the Breath Out of Babies, and Other Health Superstitions

February 15, 2012

By Marcy Phipps, RN, a regular contributor to this blog. Her essay, “The Soul on the Head of a Pin,” was published in the May 2010 issue of AJN.

I recently babysat a friend’s busy toddlers, and was happy to share the long (but lovely) day with a good friend who happens to also be a nurse. We’d just gotten the babies tucked into their cribs and were stepping out of the nursery with a sigh when I noticed the family’s cat lounging in a padded rocking chair, blinking lazily at us.

“Wait!” I said, scooping up the cat. “We can’t leave the cat here. Cats suck the breath out of babies!”

My friend looked at me like I’d lost my mind, and I instantly wished that I hadn’t said it.  The absurdity of the statement was clear to me. And yet it felt like a truth I’d known forever, even if I couldn’t remember why.

As it turns out, it was something I was told as a child—by my grandmother. Knowing this makes my statement make sense, at least to me, as I adored my grandma and would have accepted anything she told me as undisputed truth. Even so, I’m surprised (and a little embarrassed) that in spite of higher education and years of nursing experience, despite the obvious physiologic impossibility of a cat sucking the breath from a baby, and despite the fact that I’ve had my own children, and cats, such a notion was lying dormant in my consciousness and escaped unexpectedly and unbidden.

In my curiosity about the idea of cats sucking breath from babies, I came across a 1930 book, Shattering Health Superstitions, by Morris Fishbein, MD. It’s subtitled “An Explosion of False Theories and Notions in the Field of Health and Popular Medicine.” Dr. Fishbein discusses 57 medical claims, asserting their fallacy only after explaining their origin.

Here are some of the chapter titles, verbatim:

  • Some people think that fish is a brain food and that a lot of mackerel in the diet will convert a moron into an Einstein.
  • Some people believe that warts can be removed by tying knots in a string and burying the string at a crossroads in the moonlight.
  • Some people think appendicitis is just an old-fashioned stomach ache and that the doctors developed the disease for their own satisfaction.
  • An apple a day keeps the doctors away.
  • When the oldest inhabitant begins to feel pain in his joints, there is going to be a change in the weather.
  • It takes whiskey to kill a cold.
  • A favorite Midwestern cure for rheumatism is to carry a buckeye in the trousers pocket.
  • Kissing can cause trouble, but it doesn’t cause cold sores.
  • Most people believe that a big head is sure evidence of a massive intellect.

While there may be a shred of truth in a couple of the beliefs alluded to in these chapter titles (many people with arthritis certainly do report worsening symptoms with changes in the weather; many claims have been made for the benefits of fish oil of late; etc.), most have as much basis as certain more recent widely held beliefs regarding the various evils of vaccinations. Read the rest of this entry ?

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When Lawmakers and Physicians Hold Nurses Back

February 13, 2012

Editor’s Note: Toni Inglis, MSN, RN, CNS, FAAN, writes opinion for the Austin (TX) American-Statesman. She works at the Seton Healthcare Family in Austin as a neonatal ICU staff nurse and also writes a nursing blog for Seton and edits its monthly NursingNews. This article is a reprint of an April 22nd commentary in the Statesman. Toni was inspired to write the column after a particularly disappointing legislative session, in which Texas advanced practice nurses made fewer gains than in past sessions—despite Texas ranking last in access to health care and having the most restrictive laws in the country regarding APRN scope of practice and prescriptive authority. She believes the poor access and barriers to practice are related.

AJN finds the article particularly relevant as legislatures across the country deliberate on APRN barriers to practice. You can read her commentaries at ingliscommentary.com.

Here’s an idea that wouldn’t cost Texas a dime but would save millions of dollars every year: Remove all barriers restraining nurses from practicing to the full extent of their education and training.

by Brian Romig/via Flickr

No state needs primary care providers more than Texas, which has a severe shortage. Texas ranks last in access to health care and in the percentage of residents without health insurance. Of Texas’ 254 counties, 188 are designated by the federal government as having acute shortages of primary care physicians. Of that number, 16 counties have one and 23 have zero.

If every nurse practitioner and family doctor were deployed, we still couldn’t meet the need. Texans are desperate for health care.

Doing the math and to help meet the need, the Legislative Budget Board recommended autonomous practice of advanced practice nurses after a preceptorship.

In Texas, our legislature — session after session — keeps the most restrictive laws in the country. Nurse practitioners don’t want to perform brain surgery. They just want to provide primary care and are quick to refer cases to a doctor when necessary.

Most states with far less need do not legislate practice barriers to nurse practitioners. Given the severity of our problem, shouldn’t we at least bring ourselves in line with those other states? Read the rest of this entry ?

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Kudos to Indy for Tightening Human Trafficking Laws Before the Super Bowl

February 3, 2012

Market St., Indianapolis/ via Wikimedia Commons

According to Stateline.org (a news site of the nonprofit Pew Center on the States), with the Super Bowl taking place this Sunday in Indianapolis, the state of Indiana has decided to toughen up its human trafficking laws.

“Though it is an honor for Indiana to host the Super Bowl, many sincere voices have brought to light the fact that human trafficking is a shameful practice we can’t ignore,” Indiana attorney general Greg Zoeller said in a statement.

The article notes that sex trafficking during highly publicized events has become an issue for many states with hosting duties. While the Global Alliance Against Traffic in Women, an international advocacy group, claims that the estimates of trafficking cases at previous Super Bowls may have been too high, whether there are 60,000 or six in a given year, any number over zero is too many.

For more info, see our award-winning article on the nurse’s role in combating human trafficking, by Donna Sabella. She also talks about her work in a podcast.—by Demaris Bailey
 
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The Case of Amanda Trujillo

February 2, 2012

By Shawn Kennedy, AJN editor-in-chief

Amanda Trujillo, MSN, RN, is a nurse who until recently worked at Banner Del Webb Hospital in Sun City, Arizona, until she was fired for, as she claims, just doing what she’s obligated to do as a nurse—specifically, providing a patient information about a surgical procedure in an attempt to support fully informed decision making. (You can read her e-mail detailing her story here. She did not, as she has pointed out in comments, ever attempt to directly obtain informed consent herself.)

Amanda Trujillo

Ms. Trujillo says that, when the patient had a change of heart about the surgery, she requested a hospice consult. After a physician complained that Trujillo had overstepped her scope of practice, the hospital filed a complaint with the Arizona Board of Nursing, which has launched an investigation.

Ms. Trujillo has gone public with her story, sending e-mails and tweets to editors, public officials, bloggers, and the news media. The nursing blogosphere is full of posts with her story—Emergiblog, vdutton’s posterous (which has her attorney’s response to the complaint), and thenerdynurse, as well as a number of others. On January 31, she was interviewed on local television. She makes a compelling case that she was advocating for the patient’s right to information, and one wonders why she was fired and is under investigation.

As we have been for 112 years, AJN is all for coming out in support of nurses. Do we believe a nurse’s first duty is to the patient? You bet. We’re also all about accuracy and facts, and in this case, it’s been tough getting information from all sides. While certain assertions have been repeated in most of the supportive blog posts we’ve read, the undertone is that there is more to this case than the obvious.

Here’s what we’ve learned so far from the other parties: According to Joey Ridenour, MN, RN, FAAN, executive director of the Arizona Board of Nursing, “While the investigation is ongoing, information is kept private to protect the nurse should the complaint be unfounded.” She noted that while Ms. Trujillo can go public with details, the Board cannot. She did verify that Banner Del Webb Hospital filed a complaint about Ms. Trujillo’s practice on April 26, 2011, for “non-compliance with Federal, State or contractural arrangements.”

Ridenour also verified that at the January 24 Board meeting, the Board reviewed the case, voted to continue the investigation, and requested a psychological evaluation of Ms. Trujillo. When I asked if this was unusual, she said that in general, if the board feels that there is a lack of understanding in complex cases, the Board will ask for “expert opinion.” The Board will reconvene in March to review the findings and rule on the complaint. In the interim, Ms. Trujillo’s license remains active and without restrictions. Read the rest of this entry ?

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A QI Project to Increase Nurses’ Use of ‘Smart’ Pump Libraries

February 1, 2012

By Sylvia Foley, AJN senior editor

In January 2009 an independent community hospital in Massachusetts switched from using older, outmoded IV pumps to using “smart” pumps—pumps that have built-in computers with libraries of information on selected drugs and fluids, including predetermined concentrations and volumes with relevant administration limits. Library subsets (called profiles) contain information specific to certain patient populations or care areas. When properly implemented, these devices can be invaluable tools in reducing the risk of medication errors and improving patient safety.

Photo courtesy of Alaris

But when the hospital conducted a review, it found that smart pump libraries had been used in only 37% of all smart pump infusions done between January and June. One reason was that no “owner” had been assigned to oversee the implementation process. So the hospital’s nursing quality team (NQT) and pharmacy quality team began collaborating to find ways to increase nurses’ use of the pump libraries.

From July through October 2009 the NQT implemented several interventions. Author Andrew D. Harding describes the project as it evolved and reports on the results in this January CE feature, “Increasing the Use of ‘Smart’ Pump Libraries by Nurses: A Continuous Quality Improvement Project.” Read the rest of this entry ?

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Clinic Vision

January 26, 2012

By Marcy Phipps, RN, a regular contributor to this blog. Her essay, “The Soul on the Head of a Pin,” was published in the May 2010 issue of AJN.

By Ctd 2005, via Flickr

I’ve begun volunteering at a local free clinic. While it’s been rewarding and satisfying, it’s also been fraught with challenges I didn’t expect; I’ve only worked in an ICU, and the assessment skills specific to critical care don’t translate smoothly to the clinic setting. I’m out of my professional comfort zone, and I feel so inexperienced.

Here’s what I’m used to: By the time a patient is admitted to the ICU, they’ve already been “worked up” in the emergency room. Physicians have been assigned and a preliminary diagnosis is in place. The patients are connected to equipment that displays their vital data continuously, on monitors I can see from almost anywhere, and alarms are triggered by any alterations. I’ve got easy access to radiology reports and films, laboratory values, and microbiology reports. The nursing physical assessment is thorough and paramount; I know what I’m looking for, what I’m listening and feeling for, what certain smells indicate, and I trust my instincts. I’m accustomed to not only the forced intimacy that comes with the in-depth physical assessments of critical care, but the technology and data that supplement my assessments, as well.

At the clinic my nursing role is quite different. I sit at a desk. I am to determine the reason for each patient’s visit and take their vital signs. I ask how they’ve been and what’s changed since their last visit.

One gentleman, when I ask what medications he takes at home, fishes in his pocket and drops pills wrapped in toilet paper on the desk that separates us. I sit across from him, considering how to proceed, itching to take his hand and slide my fingers along his wrist to feel the pulse of his radial artery. I wonder about his breath sounds, what his feet look like, whether I’d be able start an IV on him, and what I’m missing. There are no same-day diagnostic reports to refer to and no dictated medical histories. All I have is the snapshot capture of his vital signs and what he wants me to know.

I’m used to knowing my patients from the inside, out. Here in the clinic, I hardly even touch anyone. I feel blind.

These are the challenges I’ve found: to create a picture of my patient with limited information and subtle clues;  to listen to what someone tells me, hear what they don’t say, and know what to ask; and finally, to not lose my vision because I miss my familiar tools, but instead find a different way to see.

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Magnet Hospitals: It’s About the Process, Not the Designation

January 23, 2012

By Shawn Kennedy, AJN editor-in-chief

When I had a recent medical emergency, I went to the local community hospital near my home in northern New Jersey. I had been there before for outpatient testing or to the ER with a child and found the care attentive and efficient and the staff friendly and professional. Besides, it was a Magnet-designated hospital, so I was confident that I’d receive good care.

The ancillary staff was wonderful, but I found myself disappointed with the nurses on the acute med/surg unit where I was located. There was no rounding that I was aware of, and they seemed to only show up when it was time to administer meds. Only a few nurses introduced themselves, and only two nurses over three days really engaged me in any conversation. Nurses seemed to respond to call lights only for those patients to whom they were assigned. The unit clerk who promptly answered the call light intercom would say, “I’ll let your nurse know and she’ll be in soon”—when I asked for pain medication, she told me “your nurse is giving report; I’ll let her know when she’s finished.” I waited uncomfortably for more than half an hour.

There were whiteboards, but often the information—especially regarding the date and the name of the nurse—was unchanged from day to day and no longer accurate. (This was annoying, in that they kept asking me what date it was and I kept getting it wrong!)

The worst, though, was the noise level at night. I’ve worked nights, and I know it’s easy to forget to keep conversations hushed. But this unit was a good example of those that are as “noisy as chainsaws” (see our recent post on this). I was two doors down from the nurses’ station and I could hear every conversation, people singing holiday carols, detailed discussions of patients (forget HIPAA!). Requests that they reduce the noise made no difference. One night, I learned every detail about one nurse’s vacation plans while she and a colleague spoke in normal, conversational tones, occasionally laughing, while providing care to the elderly woman in the bed next to me at 2:30 am.

When I asked if they could speak a bit more quietly, one of the nurses angrily pulled back the curtain and told me that I had to understand that they needed to take care of the woman and would be done shortly. She then resumed talking about her vacation. I barely slept at all the three days I was there. It was exhausting, and I was happy to get home.

A few days later, I was admitted to a large teaching medical center in Manhattan, where I stayed for 10 days. The contrast was startling. The ICU nurses were incredibly attentive and supportive; they made me and my family feel that I was safe and in excellent hands. On the med/surg unit, the nurse manager introduced herself when I arrived. My assigned nurse for each shift would introduce herself and ask me if I needed anything; she came by frequently, even if only to poke her head in the room and say, “Everything OK?” Nursing assistants likewise introduced themselves and would inquire if I needed anything. Read the rest of this entry ?

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Poll: What Can We Actually Do About Hospital Room Noise?

January 17, 2012
By ArtsieApsie, via Flickr

Fierce Healthcare reports this week on the latest findings about hospital room noise: ”hospital rooms can be as noisy as chainsaws, according to a new study [subscription required] published this week in the Archives of Internal Medicine….The average noise level in patient rooms was close to 50 decibels….The noise disruptions mostly come from staff conversation, roommates, alarms, intercoms and pagers….Loud hospital rooms are associated with clinically significant sleep loss among patients and even may hinder recovery.”

So, nurses (and patients, MDs, others): can anything be done about this? Does your hospital do anything? Take our poll, and also of course feel free to leave a comment on this post.—JM, senior editor


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